Lesson Plan

• Identify the main categories of Swahili linking devices and explain their functions.
• Apply appropriate linking devices to organise ideas in a short speech.
• Produce a 1‑2 minute speech using at least eight linking devices following the introduction‑body‑conclusion structure.
• Evaluate peer speeches for correct use of linking devices and logical flow.

• Projector and screen
• Printed handout of linking‑device table
• Sample speech worksheet
• Audio recorder or mobile phone for peer feedback
• Whiteboard and markers
• Timer

Begin with a quick video clip showing a disjointed speech, then ask learners why it felt confusing. Connect this to the importance of linking devices for clarity and flow. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to craft a coherent short speech using a range of connectors.

1. Do‑now (5'): Students write a single sentence and add one linking word from a given list.
2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Present the six categories of linking devices with examples from the handout.
3. Guided practice (12'): Activity “Tambua Viunganishi” – students identify and replace linking words in three sentences.
4. Collaborative writing (15'): In pairs, learners choose a topic and draft a 1‑2 minute speech using at least eight linking devices, following the Utangulizi‑Sehemu ya Kuu‑Hitimisho structure.
5. Peer review (10'): Pairs exchange speeches, record each other, and use a checklist to note correct and missing connectors.
6. Whole‑class debrief (8'): Discuss common errors and strategies for smoother transitions.

Summarise how each type of connector contributes to logical flow and ask a few students to share one improvement they made. Exit ticket: write one sentence using a linking device not yet used today. For homework, students prepare a 2‑minute speech on a chosen topic, ensuring at least ten linking devices are incorporated.