Lesson Plan

• Design synthetic routes for target organic molecules using retrosynthetic analysis.
• Identify functional groups and select appropriate reagents for key transformations.
• Interpret IR, ¹H NMR, and MS data to confirm the structure of synthesized compounds.
• Evaluate reaction conditions for yield, step economy, and functional‑group compatibility.

• Projector and laptop for slides
• Whiteboard and markers
• Printed worksheets with synthesis problems
• Molecular model kits (ball‑and‑stick)
• Handouts of IR, NMR, MS spectra
• Reagent‑list cards for common transformations

Begin with a short video clip showing how chemists design a drug molecule, linking the topic to real‑world impact. Ask students to recall the functional groups they studied last week and the reagents that modify them. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to plan a complete synthetic route and verify the product using spectroscopic data.

1. Do‑Now (5'): Quick quiz on functional‑group tests and reagent‑product pairs (paper).
2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Overview of forward synthesis vs. retrosynthetic analysis; key considerations (yield, compatibility).
3. Guided practice (15'): Whole‑class walkthrough of the 2‑methyl‑1‑phenyl‑propane example, students fill in a retrosynthesis worksheet.
4. Group activity (15'): Teams design a synthetic route for a given target (e.g., phenylacetone) and list reagents/conditions.
5. Identification demo (10'): Demonstrate reading IR and ¹H NMR spectra; students match spectra to the products they designed.
6. Exit ticket (5'): Each student writes one step they found most challenging and a question for homework.

Summarise the four‑step approach to retrosynthetic planning and the importance of confirming structures with at least two analytical techniques. Collect exit tickets and remind students to complete the worksheet posted on the LMS, which includes an additional synthesis problem and a set of spectra to interpret for homework.