Business – 7.3 Leadership – Theories of leadership | e-Consult
7.3 Leadership – Theories of leadership (1 questions)
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The contingency approach posits that the effectiveness of a leader depends on the fit between the leader’s style and specific situational factors. No single style is universally best; success arises when the leader’s behaviour aligns with contextual demands.
Key situational variables
- Leader‑Member Relations – the degree of trust, respect and confidence the team has in the leader.
- Task Structure – how clearly defined and routine the tasks are.
- Position Power – the formal authority the leader holds to reward or punish.
Example
In a highly structured manufacturing line (high task structure) with strong leader‑member relations and clear authority (high position power), a task‑oriented leader who focuses on efficiency and adherence to procedures will be most effective. Conversely, in a creative research team (low task structure) with weak leader‑member relations, a relationship‑oriented leader who fosters collaboration and empowerment would be more successful.