Business – 2.3 Management – Management and managers | e-Consult
2.3 Management – Management and managers (1 questions)
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Answer:
Planning and organising are sequential but interdependent functions. Planning establishes what the organisation aims to achieve and outlines the steps required, while organising determines how those steps will be carried out by allocating resources, defining structures and assigning responsibilities.
- Focus: Planning is future‑oriented and goal‑driven; organising is present‑oriented and structure‑driven.
- Output: Planning produces plans, objectives and schedules; organising produces organisational charts, job descriptions and resource allocations.
- Interaction: Effective plans provide the basis for organising – without a clear plan, resource allocation is inefficient. Conversely, the feasibility of a plan is tested during organising; if resources are insufficient, the plan may need revision.
- Strategic role: In strategic decision making, senior managers first set strategic goals (planning) and then design the organisational framework (organising) that will enable those goals to be pursued, ensuring alignment between intent and capability.