Business – 2.3 Management – Management and managers | e-Consult
2.3 Management – Management and managers (1 questions)
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McGregor's Theory X assumes that employees are inherently lazy, avoid responsibility, and need close supervision, external control, and threats of punishment to achieve performance. Managers who adopt a Theory X approach tend to use authoritarian styles, detailed planning, and strict monitoring.
In contrast, Theory Y assumes that employees are self‑motivated, seek responsibility, and can exercise self‑direction when objectives are clear. Managers who adopt Theory Y are more likely to use participative leadership, delegate authority, and create conditions for intrinsic motivation.