Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Computer Science
Lesson Topic: Explain the differences between Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory (ROM)
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the fundamental differences between RAM and ROM regarding volatility, purpose, and speed.
  • Explain how RAM and ROM function during the computer boot process and normal operation.
  • Compare typical capacities, examples, and types of RAM and ROM.
  • Identify real‑world examples of RAM and ROM components.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • Slides with RAM vs ROM comparison tables
  • Printed handouts of the comparison chart
  • Sample RAM and ROM chips (or high‑resolution images)
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Quick‑check question cards
 Introduction:

Start with a quick poll: “Where does your computer keep the instructions that start it up?” Connect this to prior knowledge of primary memory. Explain that today’s focus is on the two main types of primary memory—RAM and ROM—and why understanding their differences matters for both hardware and software. State the success criteria: students will be able to describe, compare, and give examples of RAM and ROM.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑Now (5') – Students answer the quick‑check question “What happens to RAM when power is switched off?” and share responses.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10') – Define RAM and ROM, highlight volatility, read/write capability, speed, and typical uses using slides.
  3. Interactive comparison (10') – Students work in pairs to fill a Venn diagram comparing characteristics from the provided table.
  4. Demonstration (8') – Show a block diagram of CPU, RAM, and ROM; walk through the boot sequence and normal operation.
  5. Types exploration (7') – Brief overview of DRAM, SRAM, and ROM variants (Mask ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM); students match examples to each type.
  6. Guided practice (8') – Scenario activity: loading a word processor; students map data flow on a worksheet.
  7. Quick check (5') – Individual exit questions covering volatility, boot role, and non‑volatile memory examples.
Conclusion:

Recap the key distinctions between RAM and ROM and how each supports the computer’s operation. Collect the exit tickets to gauge understanding, and remind students to review their notes for a short online quiz tomorrow. Assign a homework task: research a modern device (e.g., smartphone) and list the types of RAM and ROM it uses.