Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Business
Lesson Topic: the impact of Total Quality Management (TQM) on a business
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the key components of Total Quality Management (TQM) and differentiate it from quality control and assurance.
  • Explain how TQM influences business performance indicators such as cost, quality, customer satisfaction and competitiveness.
  • Analyse the benefits and challenges of implementing TQM in a real‑world business context.
  • Apply a TQM evaluation checklist to assess the impact on a case‑study firm.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Printed handout of TQM core elements and checklist
  • Case‑study worksheet (manufacturing firm)
  • Sticky notes and coloured pens for group activity
  • Calculator or spreadsheet software for simple cost calculations
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick poll: “What does quality mean to you as a consumer?” Connect this to students’ prior knowledge of quality control from previous lessons. Explain that by the end of the session they will be able to identify TQM components, evaluate its impact on business performance, and justify its strategic value.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑Now (5') – Students write a brief definition of quality and share examples; teacher notes misconceptions.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10') – Overview of QC, QA, and TQM core elements using slides and the PDCA diagram.
  3. Guided analysis (12') – Whole‑class walk‑through of TQM’s impact on cost, quality, customer satisfaction and competitiveness.
  4. Group case‑study activity (15') – Teams complete a worksheet mapping TQM implementation steps and calculate defect‑rate reduction; produce a quick poster.
  5. Whole‑class debrief (8') – Groups present findings; teacher highlights challenges and asks probing questions.
  6. Exit ticket (5') – Students write one advantage and one challenge of TQM on a slip of paper.
Conclusion:
Summarise how TQM can drive cost savings, quality improvements, and stronger stakeholder relationships while noting common implementation hurdles. Ask students to complete an exit ticket stating the most compelling benefit they observed. For homework, assign a short essay evaluating whether TQM would be suitable for a service‑based business of their choice.