Lesson Plan

Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 01/12/2025
Subject: Physics
Lesson Topic: understand that objects moving against a resistive force may reach a terminal (constant) velocity
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe how resistive forces affect motion and lead to terminal velocity.
  • Derive the expressions for terminal velocity for linear and quadratic drag.
  • Calculate terminal velocity for given masses and drag coefficients.
  • Explain why acceleration is zero when terminal speed is reached.
  • Apply momentum concepts to analyze falling objects experiencing drag.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Printed worksheet with example problem
  • Graphing calculators
  • Short video of a sky‑diver/falling objects
Introduction:

Begin by asking students how a sky‑diver feels when they stop accelerating. Review Newton’s three laws to connect prior knowledge. Explain that today they will discover why objects reach a constant speed when resistive forces balance weight, and they will be able to predict that speed.

Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Quick quiz on Newton’s laws (paper).
  2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Recap Newton’s laws, introduce resistive forces, show diagram of forces on a falling object.
  3. Derivation activity (12'): Guided derivation of terminal velocity for linear drag, then extend to quadratic drag.
  4. Guided practice (10'): Pair work solving the worksheet example (steel sphere), teacher circulates.
  5. Concept check (5'): Think‑pair‑share answering why acceleration is zero at terminal speed.
  6. Extension (8'): Discuss real‑world examples (sky‑diving, raindrops) and the role of Reynolds number.
  7. Summary (5'): Consolidate key equations on board; students copy into notes.
Conclusion:

Summarise that terminal velocity occurs when weight equals the resistive force, leaving acceleration at zero while motion continues. For exit, students write the condition “mg = Fₙₑₜ” on a sticky note. Assign homework: complete additional problems on terminal speed for both linear and quadratic drag.