Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 25/02/2026
Subject: Chemistry
Lesson Topic: Introductory topics: molecular formulae, functional groups, nomenclature, structural isomerism, stereoisomerism
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe how molecular formulae represent composition but not connectivity of organic compounds.
  • Identify common functional groups and write their general formulas.
  • Apply IUPAC rules to name simple organic molecules.
  • Distinguish structural isomers (chain, position, functional) and give examples.
  • Explain the concepts of geometrical and optical stereoisomerism and recognise chiral centres.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Handout with functional‑group table and isomer examples
  • Ball‑and‑stick molecular model kits
  • Worksheets for naming practice
  • Polarimeter image or short video (optional)
 Introduction:
Organic chemistry surrounds us—from fuels to medicines—so students will see its relevance. Review the concept of atoms and simple compounds from previous lessons. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to write formulas, recognise functional groups, name compounds, and differentiate isomers.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5') – Write molecular formulae for CH4, C2H6O, C2H4O2 on sticky notes.
  2. Mini‑lecture (15') – Present molecular formulae, hydrocarbon families, and why connectivity is missing.
  3. Interactive matching (10') – Using the handout, students match functional groups to their general formulas and examples.
  4. Guided IUPAC naming (15') – Walk through naming 3‑bromo‑2‑methylpentan‑1‑ol and similar structures.
  5. Model‑building activity (10') – In groups, construct structural isomers of C4H10 and a pair of cis/trans alkenes.
  6. Quick check (5') – Exit ticket: one sentence distinguishing structural from stereoisomerism.
Conclusion:
Recap the key ideas: formulas, functional groups, systematic naming, and the two main types of isomerism. Collect exit tickets to gauge understanding, and assign homework to complete a worksheet on naming and identifying isomers. Encourage students to look for functional‑group patterns in everyday products.