Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Accounting
Lesson Topic: make adjustments for accrued and prepaid expenses and accrued and prepaid income
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the difference between accrued and prepaid expenses and income.
  • Explain why period‑end adjustments are required for accurate financial statements.
  • Prepare correct journal entries for each type of adjustment.
  • Post the adjusting entries to the appropriate ledger accounts and produce an adjusted trial balance.
  • Analyse the impact of adjustments on profit and balance‑sheet presentation.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • Printed worksheet with adjustment scenarios
  • Accounting textbook or handout on adjustments
  • Calculator
  • Sample trial‑balance sheets
  • Whiteboard markers
 Introduction:
Begin with a short quiz recalling the matching principle and previous journal‑entry work. Ask students why a business might record a transaction before cash moves. State that by the end of the lesson they will be able to adjust the accounts correctly and explain the effect on profit and the balance sheet.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5') – Quick quiz on matching principle and prior journal‑entry knowledge.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10') – Define accrued vs. prepaid expenses/income and why adjustments are needed.
  3. Guided practice (15') – Work through one example of each adjustment type; students complete journal entries on the worksheet.
  4. Collaborative activity (10') – Pairs identify transactions from a mixed list, decide the correct adjustment, and justify their choice.
  5. Ledger posting & trial balance (10') – Demonstrate posting adjusting entries and recomputing the trial balance.
  6. Check for understanding (5') – Exit ticket: write the journal entry for a given prepaid expense scenario.
Conclusion:
Summarise the four adjustment types and their impact on profit and the balance sheet. Collect the exit tickets to gauge understanding, and assign homework: complete a set of additional adjustment problems from the textbook and bring any questions to the next class.