Sociology – Paper 4 – Globalisation: Contemporary issues | e-Consult
Paper 4 – Globalisation: Contemporary issues (1 questions)
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The table below summarises the Gini coefficients (0 = perfect equality, 1 = perfect inequality) for the United States and Brazil from 2000 to 2020.
| Year | United States | Brazil |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.41 | 0.59 |
| 2005 | 0.42 | 0.55 |
| 2010 | 0.43 | 0.53 |
| 2015 | 0.44 | 0.51 |
| 2020 | 0.45 | 0.52 |
Interpretation: Both countries show a gradual rise in inequality, but the magnitude differs. The United States remains at a moderate level (≈0.44‑0.45), reflecting persistent but relatively stable inequality. Brazil, while experiencing a modest decline from 0.59 to around 0.51, still exhibits higher inequality than the United States, indicating that despite progress—partly due to social programmes in the early 2000s—structural disparities remain pronounced.