Sociology – Paper 2 – Theories of the family and social change | e-Consult

Functionalists view the family as a fundamental institution that contributes to the stability and smooth functioning of society. The three core functions they identify are:

1. Socialisation: The family is the primary site where children learn cultural norms, values, language, and appropriate behaviour, preparing them for future social roles.
2. Emotional support and social control: Families provide affection, security, and a sense of belonging, which help regulate individual behaviour and reduce deviance.
3. Economic support and resource allocation: Through the division of labour and the pooling of resources, families meet the material needs of their members, ensuring economic stability and the transmission of wealth.

These functions together maintain social order by reproducing the values and skills necessary for the continuation of the wider social system.