Biology – Passage of information from parents to offspring | e-Consult
Passage of information from parents to offspring (1 questions)
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Key Features and Significance:
- Chromosomes are condensed and visible: This indicates the chromosomes are in their most compact form, making them easier to segregate.
- Homologous chromosomes are paired up (synapsis): This is a crucial event in prophase I. The pairing allows for genetic exchange.
- Tetrad formation: The paired homologous chromosomes consist of four chromatids (two sister chromatids from each chromosome). This structure is called a tetrad. The tetrad is essential for crossing over.
- Chiasmata: Points of crossing over are visible as chiasmata, where non-sister chromatids exchange genetic material. This increases genetic diversity.
Significance: The pairing of homologous chromosomes and the formation of the tetrad are fundamental to meiosis. Synapsis and crossing over allow for the recombination of genetic material, leading to genetically diverse daughter cells. This diversity is essential for adaptation and evolution.