Biology – Genetic technology applied to medicine | e-Consult

Genetic screening for Huntington’s disease presents a complex array of ethical considerations. Potential benefits include empowering individuals and families to make informed decisions about family planning. Knowing their genetic status allows individuals to consider options like pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) or adoption. It can also alleviate anxiety for those with a family history of the disease. Furthermore, early diagnosis can facilitate access to genetic counseling and support services.

However, there are significant drawbacks and ethical concerns. Psychological distress can arise from learning one is at risk, even if the disease is not yet manifesting. Genetic discrimination is a concern – individuals with a positive test result may face prejudice in employment or insurance. Informed consent is paramount; individuals must fully understand the implications of the test, including the possibility of a false negative and the emotional impact of a positive result. Privacy and confidentiality of genetic information are also crucial considerations. The potential for impact on family relationships is another ethical concern, as individuals may grapple with difficult decisions regarding their own health and the health of their relatives. Finally, the prognostic nature of the test can lead to feelings of fatalism and reduced life expectancy for some individuals.