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1 Types and components of computer systems (1 questions)
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Two common methods for converting analogue to digital are:
- Sampling and Quantization: This is the most common method.
- Description: The analogue signal is sampled at regular intervals (sampling) and the amplitude of each sample is then assigned a discrete digital value (quantization). The number of possible digital values is determined by the number of bits used (e.g., 8-bit, 16-bit).
- Advantages: Relatively simple to implement, widely used, and provides a good balance between accuracy and data size.
- Disadvantages: The accuracy of the conversion depends on the sampling rate and the number of quantization levels. Insufficient sampling or quantization can lead to distortion (quantization error).
- Pulse Code Modulation (PCM): This method converts an analogue signal into a series of pulses representing the amplitude of the signal.
- Description: The analogue signal is first sampled, then the samples are converted into a series of pulses of varying amplitude and duration. These pulses are then encoded as digital bits.
- Advantages: Efficient for transmitting audio signals, as it can achieve good quality with relatively low data rates.
- Disadvantages: Can be more complex to implement than simple sampling and quantization. Susceptible to noise and distortion during transmission.