Physics – 4.3.3 Action and use of circuit components | e-Consult
4.3.3 Action and use of circuit components (1 questions)
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A variable potential divider consists of two resistors connected in series. The input potential is applied across the series combination of these resistors. The output potential is taken from either one of the resistors. The ratio of the resistances of the two resistors determines the output potential.
Here's a breakdown of how it works:
- Input Voltage (Vin): This is the voltage applied to the series combination of the two resistors.
- Resistor R1: This resistor is connected in series with the input voltage.
- Resistor R2: This resistor is connected in parallel with the output. The output potential is taken from the junction between R1 and R2.
The output potential (Vout) can be calculated using the following formula:
Vout = Vin * (R2 / (R1 + R2))
By varying the value of R2 (the variable resistor), the output potential can be adjusted. Increasing R2 will increase Vout, and decreasing R2 will decrease Vout. The variable resistor is typically a potentiometer or a rheostat.