Chemistry – Stoichiometry - Relative masses of atoms and molecules | e-Consult

Calculation:

The balanced equation for the reaction is:

MgCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) -> MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

From the equation, 1 mole of MgCO₃ produces 1 mole of MgCl₂.

Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of MgCO₃.

Molar mass of MgCO₃ = 24.31 + 12 + (3 x 16) = 60.31 g/mol

Moles of MgCO₃ = mass / molar mass = 1.0 g / 60.31 g/mol = 0.0166 mol

Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of MgCl₂ produced.

Since the mole ratio is 1:1, 0.0166 mol of MgCO₃ produces 0.0166 mol of MgCl₂.

Step 3: Calculate the mass of MgCl₂ produced.

Molar mass of MgCl₂ = 24.31 + (2 x 35.45) = 95.21 g/mol

Mass of MgCl₂ = moles x molar mass = 0.0166 mol x 95.21 g/mol = 1.58 g

Answer: The mass of magnesium chloride produced is 1.58 g.