Biology – 8.2 Transport in humans | e-Consult
8.2 Transport in humans (1 questions)
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Several factors can increase the risk of developing coronary heart disease. These include:
- Diet High in Saturated and Trans Fats: A diet high in saturated and trans fats increases the levels of LDL cholesterol (often called "bad" cholesterol) in the blood. Elevated LDL cholesterol contributes to the formation of plaque in the arteries, leading to atherosclerosis and CHD.
- Smoking: Smoking damages the lining of the arteries, making them more susceptible to plaque buildup. It also reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood and increases blood pressure, both of which contribute to CHD.
- Lack of Exercise: Regular physical activity helps to lower LDL cholesterol, raise HDL cholesterol (often called "good" cholesterol), maintain a healthy weight, and improve blood circulation. A lack of exercise contributes to a higher risk of developing the other risk factors, increasing the overall risk of CHD.
- High Blood Pressure (Hypertension): High blood pressure puts extra strain on the heart and arteries, accelerating the development of atherosclerosis. It also damages the artery walls, making them more prone to plaque formation.
- Family History: A family history of CHD indicates a genetic predisposition to the disease. This means individuals with a family history are more likely to develop CHD due to inherited factors affecting cholesterol metabolism or blood vessel function.