Biology – 6.2 Plant nutrition – mineral requirements | e-Consult

Nitrate Deficiency:

A deficiency of nitrate ions limits protein synthesis, impacting various plant processes. Here's how:

1. Reduced Amino Acid Production: Nitrate is converted to ammonia and then to amino acids. A lack of nitrate directly reduces the availability of these building blocks.
2. Impaired Enzyme Synthesis: Enzymes, which catalyze vital biochemical reactions, are proteins. Reduced protein synthesis means fewer enzymes are produced.
3. Stunted Growth: The overall effect is stunted growth, reduced leaf development, and poorer overall plant health.

   Nitrate Deficiency Effects: Stunted growth Yellowing of leaves (chlorosis) Reduced yield

Magnesium Deficiency:

Magnesium is a central component of the chlorophyll molecule. A deficiency leads to:

1. Chlorophyll Formation Impairment: Without sufficient magnesium, the porphyrin ring in chlorophyll cannot be formed correctly.
2. Reduced Light Absorption: Improper chlorophyll formation means the plant cannot absorb light energy efficiently.
3. Chlorosis: The lack of chlorophyll results in chlorosis, where leaves turn yellow, particularly between the veins.
4. Reduced Photosynthesis: Reduced light absorption directly translates to reduced rates of photosynthesis, leading to less food production for the plant.

   Magnesium Deficiency Effects: Chlorosis (yellowing of leaves) Interveinal chlorosis (yellowing between veins) Reduced leaf size Reduced photosynthesis

In summary, both deficiencies significantly impair plant growth by disrupting key processes – protein synthesis (nitrate) and photosynthesis (magnesium).