Know and understand avoiding password interception by using up to date anti-spyware and regularly changing passwords

Networks and the Effects of Using Them

Objective

Know and understand how to avoid password interception by using up‑to‑date anti‑spyware and regularly changing passwords.

Why Passwords Can Be Intercepted

• Data can be captured while it travels across a network (e.g., in clear text).
• Malicious software (spyware, keyloggers) can record keystrokes on a device.
• Unsecured Wi‑Fi or public computers increase the risk of eavesdropping.

How Spyware Intercepts Passwords

Spyware typically works in one of the following ways:

1. Keylogging – records every keystroke entered on the keyboard.
2. Screen capture – takes periodic screenshots of login screens.
3. Form grabbing – extracts data from web forms before it is encrypted.

Using Up‑to‑Date Anti‑Spyware

Effective anti‑spyware protection involves:

• Installing reputable anti‑spyware/anti‑malware software.
• Enabling real‑time scanning of files and web traffic.
• Scheduling regular full system scans (at least weekly).
• Keeping the software and its virus definitions updated automatically.

Regularly Changing Passwords

Changing passwords reduces the window of opportunity for attackers. Follow these guidelines:

• Change passwords at least every 60‑90 days for critical accounts.
• Use a unique password for each service.
• Create strong passwords (minimum 12 characters, mix of upper‑case, lower‑case, numbers, and symbols).
• Avoid using easily guessed information (birthdates, names, common words).

Best‑Practice Checklist

Summary

By keeping anti‑spyware software current and changing passwords regularly, the risk of password interception on a network is significantly reduced. These practices, combined with awareness of how spyware works, form a strong defence against unauthorised access.