Know and understand examples of applications software including word processing, spreadsheet, database management systems, control, measurement, applets and apps, video editing, graphics editing, audio editing, computer aided design (CAD)

1. Types and Components of Computer Systems

Objective

Know and understand examples of application software, including word processing, spreadsheet, database management systems, control, measurement, applets and apps, video editing, graphics editing, audio editing, and computer‑aided design (CAD).

What is Application Software?

Application software (or “apps”) is a collection of programs designed to help the user perform specific tasks. Unlike system software, which manages hardware resources, application software directly supports the user’s activities such as creating documents, analysing data, designing objects, or controlling equipment.

Major Categories of Application Software

• Word Processing
• Spreadsheet
• Database Management Systems (DBMS)
• Control & Measurement Software
• Applets and Mobile Apps
• Video Editing
• Graphics Editing
• Audio Editing
• Computer‑Aided Design (CAD)

Detailed Overview of Each Category

Word Processing

Software that enables the creation, editing, formatting, and printing of text documents. Typical features include spell‑check, templates, mail merge, and the ability to insert tables, images, and hyperlinks.

• Examples: Microsoft Word, LibreOffice Writer, Google Docs
• Typical uses: letters, reports, newsletters, school assignments

Spreadsheet

Programs that organise data in rows and columns, allowing calculations, data analysis, and visualisation through charts and graphs.

• Examples: Microsoft Excel, LibreOffice Calc, Google Sheets
• Typical uses: budgeting, statistical analysis, inventory lists, grade books

Database Management Systems (DBMS)

Software for creating, storing, retrieving, and managing structured data. DBMS provide query languages (usually SQL) to manipulate data efficiently.

• Examples: Microsoft Access, MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle Database
• Typical uses: customer relationship management, school records, e‑commerce product catalogs

Control & Measurement Software

Specialised applications that interface with hardware sensors or actuators to monitor and control physical processes.

• Examples: Lab \cdot IEW, SCADA systems, Arduino IDE (for micro‑controller control)
• Typical uses: laboratory data acquisition, industrial automation, environmental monitoring

Applets and Mobile Apps

Small programs that run within a web browser (applets) or on mobile operating systems. They often provide focused functionality such as calculators, games, or utility tools.

• Examples: Java applets (historical), HTML5/JavaScript web apps, Android apps (e.g., Google Keep), iOS apps (e.g., Notability)
• Typical uses: online calculators, educational games, productivity tools on smartphones

Video Editing

Software for assembling, trimming, and enhancing video footage, adding effects, transitions, titles, and audio tracks.

• Examples: Adobe Premiere Pro, Final Cut Pro, Da \cdot inci Resolve, Windows Movie Maker
• Typical uses: school projects, promotional videos, short films, YouTube content

Graphics Editing

Programs that allow creation and manipulation of raster images (pixel‑based) and vector graphics (shape‑based).

• Raster examples: Adobe Photoshop, GIMP, Paint.NET
• Vector examples: Adobe Illustrator, Inkscape, CorelDRAW
• Typical uses: photo retouching, logo design, digital artwork, web graphics

Audio Editing

Software for recording, editing, mixing, and applying effects to sound files.

• Examples: Audacity, Adobe Audition, GarageBand, FL Studio
• Typical uses: podcast production, music composition, sound‑effects creation, voice‑over editing

Computer‑Aided Design (CAD)

Specialised applications for creating precise 2‑D drawings and 3‑D models used in engineering, architecture, and product design.

• Examples: AutoCAD, SolidWorks, SketchUp, Fusion 360
• Typical uses: building plans, mechanical part design, interior layout, 3‑D printing models

Comparison of Application Software Categories

How Application Software Relates to System Software

System software (operating system, device drivers, utility programs) provides the platform on which application software runs. For example, Microsoft Word requires Windows or macOS to manage memory, file access, and input devices.

Suggested Diagram

Key Points to Remember

1. Application software is purpose‑specific, whereas system software manages the computer itself.
2. Many categories overlap; a spreadsheet can act as a simple database, and CAD programs often include rendering (graphics) tools.
3. Choosing the right application depends on the task, required features, and compatibility with the operating system.
4. Understanding examples helps students select appropriate tools for school projects and future workplaces.