Lesson Plan

• Describe the essential elements required for a valid contract.
• Distinguish between express, implied, conditions, warranties and innominate terms.
• Analyse how exclusion and limitation clauses are controlled by statute.
• Apply a checklist to evaluate the contents of a sample contract.

• Projector and screen
• Whiteboard and markers
• Handout with contract checklist and term‑classification table
• Printed sample contract excerpts
• Laptop with PowerPoint slides on contract formation
• Statutory extracts (UCTA, Consumer Rights Act 2015) handout

Imagine signing a contract for a new phone and later discovering a hidden clause that limits your rights. You already know the basic definition of a contract and the concepts of offer and acceptance. Today you will identify all the essential elements, classify the various terms, and evaluate exclusion clauses against statutory controls.

1. Do‑now (5') – Quick quiz on offer and acceptance to activate prior knowledge.
2. Mini‑lecture (15') – Present the essential elements of a valid contract and the formation flowchart.
3. Term‑classification activity (10') – In pairs, students label sample terms as express, implied, condition, warranty or innominate using the handout.
4. Group analysis (15') – Examine a contract excerpt for exclusion/limitation clauses; apply the reasonableness test under UCTA/CRA.
5. Whole‑class debrief (10') – Share findings, clarify misconceptions, and reinforce key distinctions.
6. Checklist consolidation (5') – Individually complete the 9‑point contract‑contents checklist.

We recap the essential elements, term classifications, and statutory controls on exclusion clauses. For the exit ticket, each student writes one example of a term and states whether it is a condition, warranty or innominate. Homework: analyse a real‑world contract (e.g., a mobile phone agreement) using the checklist and bring any questions to the next lesson.