Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 25/02/2026
Subject: Physics
Lesson Topic: Recall and use in calculations, the fact that: (a) the sum of the currents entering a junction in a parallel circuit is equal to the sum of the currents that leave the junction (b) the total p.d. across the components in a series circuit is equal to
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the junction rule for currents in parallel circuits.
  • Explain the series rule for total potential difference across series components.
  • Apply both rules together with Ohm’s law to find unknown currents and voltages in mixed series‑parallel circuits.
  • Identify and correct common misconceptions about current and voltage distribution.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Printed worksheet with diagrams and practice questions
  • Circuit simulation tool (e.g., PhET “Circuit Construction Kit”)
  • Hands‑on circuit kits (battery, resistors, wires, multimeter)
  • Formula handout (junction rule, series/parallel voltage rules, Ohm’s law)
 Introduction:

Begin with a quick “What happens to current at a fork?” poll to activate prior knowledge. Review that charge cannot accumulate at a junction and remind students of Ohm’s law. State that by the end of the lesson they will reliably use the junction and series voltage rules to solve circuit problems.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Worksheet – identify series vs. parallel sections in given circuits.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Explain the junction rule and series voltage rule with clear diagrams.
  3. Guided example (15'): Work through the 12 V mixed circuit step‑by‑step, modelling calculations on the board.
  4. Interactive simulation (10'): Students use the PhET simulator to build the same circuit and verify the rules.
  5. Partner practice (15'): Solve three practice questions from the source; teacher circulates for support.
  6. Check for understanding (5'): Exit ticket – write one rule and give a brief example of its use.
Conclusion:

Summarise how the junction rule ensures current conservation and how the series rule distributes voltage. Collect exit tickets to gauge mastery and assign the worksheet’s remaining problems as homework for further practice.