Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Physics
Lesson Topic: use the equation ∆p = ρg∆h
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the relationship between pressure, fluid density, gravity and depth (∆p = ρg∆h).
  • Apply the hydrostatic pressure equation to calculate pressure at various depths.
  • Determine the resultant force on a submerged planar surface using average pressure.
  • Locate the centre of pressure on vertical and inclined surfaces.
  • Explain how static equilibrium conditions govern fluid forces on structures.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Printed diagram of a submerged rectangular plate
  • Worksheet with practice questions
  • Scientific calculators
  • Rulers/measuring tapes for sketching
  • Hydrostatic pressure formula sheet
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick demonstration of water pressure on a submerged object to spark curiosity. Review students’ prior knowledge of pressure (P = F/A) and vector addition of forces. State that by the end of the lesson they will be able to predict forces on submerged surfaces and locate the centre of pressure.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑Now (5'): Students answer a short question on pressure variation with depth on the worksheet.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Derive ∆p = ρg∆h using a fluid column and discuss assumptions.
  3. Guided practice (12'): Work through the rectangular gate example, projecting each step.
  4. Interactive activity (10'): In pairs, students calculate force and centre of pressure for a given diagram and share results.
  5. Concept check (5'): Quick quiz via clicker on static equilibrium conditions.
  6. Extension (8'): Introduce centre of pressure for inclined planes and solve a brief problem.
  7. Summary & questions (5'): Recap key formulas and address misconceptions.
Conclusion:
Review the steps for finding hydrostatic force and centre of pressure, emphasizing their engineering relevance. Students complete an exit ticket stating one real‑world application of the concepts. Assign homework: two practice problems from the worksheet to reinforce calculations.