Lesson Plan

Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 25/02/2026
Subject: Chemistry
Lesson Topic: Define mass number / nucleon number as the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Learning Objective/s:
  • Define mass number and distinguish it from atomic number.
  • Explain how mass number identifies isotopes of an element.
  • Calculate mass number using the numbers of protons and neutrons.
  • Interpret isotope notation to determine proton, neutron, and mass numbers.
  • Apply the concept of mass number to solve basic practice problems.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • PowerPoint slides with isotope tables
  • Handout containing practice questions
  • Model of an atom (ball‑and‑stick or labelled diagram)
  • Worksheet for calculations
  • Whiteboard and markers
Introduction:
Begin with a quick mental‑math hook: “If an atom has 8 protons and 9 neutrons, what is its mass number?” Connect this to prior knowledge of atomic number and isotopes, and state that today students will be able to define and use mass number accurately.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑Now (5') – Students answer the hook question on a sticky note; teacher reviews responses.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10') – Define mass number, present A = Z + N, and discuss its role in distinguishing isotopes using slides.
  3. Guided practice (12') – Work through the carbon isotope table together; students fill a similar table for chlorine isotopes.
  4. Independent practice (10') – Complete worksheet with three practice questions; teacher circulates for support.
  5. Check for understanding (8') – Quick quiz via clicker/online poll; discuss correct answers.
  6. Summary & Exit ticket (5') – Students write one sentence summarising why mass number matters and answer a short exit question.
Conclusion:
Recap the definition of mass number and its importance for identifying isotopes. Collect exit tickets to gauge understanding, and assign a short homework task: calculate the mass numbers for five given isotopes and explain the difference between each pair.