| Lesson Plan |
| Grade: 10 |
Date: 25/02/2026 |
| Subject: Biology |
| Lesson Topic: explain that during photophosphorylation: energetic electrons release energy as they pass through the electron transport chain (details of carriers are not expected), the released energy is used to transfer protons across the thylakoid membrane, prot |
Learning Objective/s:
- Describe how energetic electrons lose energy as they travel through the thylakoid electron transport chain.
- Explain how the released energy drives proton pumping into the thylakoid lumen.
- Illustrate how the proton gradient powers ATP synthase to convert ADP + Pᵢ into ATP.
- Summarize the overall photophosphorylation reaction and its role in photosynthesis.
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Materials Needed:
- Projector and screen
- PowerPoint presentation with thylakoid diagram
- Printed handouts of the photophosphorylation step‑by‑step table
- Student worksheet for labeling the electron transport chain
- Markers and whiteboard
- Exit‑ticket slips for quick assessment
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Introduction:
Begin with a short animation of sunlight hitting a leaf to capture students' interest. Recall that water splitting provides electrons for photosynthesis and that ATP is needed for the Calvin cycle. Today’s success criteria: students will be able to trace electron flow, describe proton pumping, and explain how the gradient fuels ATP synthesis.
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Lesson Structure:
- Do‑Now (5'): Students answer a quick question on where ATP is made in chloroplasts. (Check)
- Mini‑lecture with slides (10'): Explain photon absorption, water splitting, and electron excitation.
- Guided diagram activity (12'): Students label a schematic of the thylakoid showing ETC carriers and proton gradient.
- Think‑Pair‑Share (8'): Discuss why the ETC does not store energy but transfers it.
- Demonstration (5'): Use a model to show proton flow driving a toy motor representing ATP synthase.
- Formative quiz (5'): Kahoot questions on the four stages of photophosphorylation.
- Exit ticket (5'): Write one sentence summarizing how electron energy is converted to chemical energy.
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Conclusion:
Recap the four stages of photophosphorylation and emphasize the link between electron energy loss and ATP formation. Collect exit tickets as a retrieval check and assign a brief homework: draw and label the thylakoid process in their notebooks.
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