Lesson Plan

• Describe the general formulas and naming rules for alkanes, alkenes, alcohols and carboxylic acids containing up to four carbon atoms.
• Draw both line (structural) and skeletal (displayed) formulas for each compound class.
• Apply IUPAC conventions to assign correct names and locants, including isomer distinctions such as but‑1‑ene vs. but‑2‑ene.
• Use a checklist to verify that the longest chain, correct numbering and appropriate suffixes are applied.
• Demonstrate understanding by completing practice questions with accurate names and drawings.

• Projector or interactive whiteboard
• Printed worksheets with tables and practice questions
• Molecular model kits or online modelling software
• Sketch paper and pencils
• Markers for teacher‑drawn diagrams
• Answer‑key handout for self‑assessment

Show a quick image of common household chemicals and ask students to guess their names. Review that they already know functional groups and carbon chains. Explain that today they will name and draw unbranched alkanes, alkenes, alcohols and short‑chain acids, and will be checked against a clear success checklist.

1. Do‑now (5') – Students write the IUPAC names and draw skeletal formulas for methane, ethane, propane and butane.
2. Mini‑lecture on alkanes (10') – Teacher displays line and skeletal drawings; students copy and label the general formula C_nH_2n+2.
3. Guided practice on alkenes (10') – Identify the longest chain, number for the double bond, name but‑1‑ene and but‑2‑ene, and draw both representations.
4. Small‑group activity with model kits (10') – Build propan‑1‑ol, propan‑2‑ol, butan‑1‑ol and butan‑2‑ol, then write names and sketch skeletal formulas.
5. Whole‑class walkthrough of carboxylic acids (10') – Demonstrate naming rules, draw methanoic to butanoic acids, and discuss the “‑anoic acid” suffix.
6. Checklist self‑assessment (5') – Students tick the five‑point checklist to confirm correct chain length, numbering, suffix, locants and dual drawings.
7. Independent practice questions (10') – Students complete the three practice items on the worksheet; teacher circulates for support.

Recap the key steps for naming and drawing each functional group class and highlight common pitfalls. Students submit an exit ticket naming one alkane, one alkene and one alcohol with correct drawings. For homework, they complete a worksheet extending the practice to pentane‑derived compounds.