Lesson Plan

• Describe the transformational process and the role of each factor of production in creating goods or services.
• Explain how land, labour, capital and enterprise interact to add value in different types of operations.
• Analyse real‑world examples (manufacturing, services, agriculture) to identify each factor and its contribution.
• Apply the basic production function Q = f(L, K, N, E) to evaluate how changes in inputs affect output.
• Evaluate the impact of a shortage in any factor on overall productivity.

• Projector and screen
• Whiteboard and markers
• Printed handout of the factor‑of‑production table
• Worksheet with case‑study scenarios
• Sticky notes for group brainstorming
• Calculator (optional for production‑function calculations)

Begin with a quick question: “What do you need to make a smartphone?” Capture ideas on the board to activate prior knowledge of inputs. Explain that today’s focus is on how the four factors of production are combined in the transformational process. Share the success criteria: students will be able to name each factor, describe its role, and use a simple production function.

1. Do‑now (5') – Students list resources needed for a familiar product; share responses.
2. Mini‑lecture (10') – Define operations, the transformational process, and introduce the four factors with the diagram suggestion.
3. Interactive diagram activity (10') – In pairs, students fill in a flowchart (Inputs → Process → Outputs) using sticky notes for each factor.
4. Group case‑study (15') – Each group analyses one sector (manufacturing, banking, agriculture) and maps land, labour, capital, enterprise to specific examples; record on worksheet.
5. Production‑function exercise (10') – Students calculate a simple change in output using Q = f(L,K,N,E) and discuss which factor limits growth.
6. Check for understanding (5') – Quick quiz (exit ticket) with two of the review questions.

Recap the key idea that all four factors must work together for successful operations and that enterprise drives coordination. Students complete an exit ticket by writing one real‑world example of each factor in a business of their choice. For homework, they will select a local business and create a brief map of its factors of production.