Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 18/01/2026
Subject: Chemistry
Lesson Topic: Name the fossil fuels: coal, natural gas and petroleum
Learning Objective/s:
  • Identify and name the three main fossil fuels: coal, natural gas, and petroleum.
  • Explain the origin and basic composition of each fossil fuel.
  • Compare the physical state, main hydrocarbons, and primary uses of the three fuels.
  • Interpret a diagram showing formation zones of fossil fuels within the Earth.
  • Evaluate the role of fossil fuels in global energy production.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Printed handout with fuel comparison table
  • Diagram of Earth cross‑section (fossil‑fuel formation zones)
  • Worksheet for matching activity
  • Sticky notes for exit ticket
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick think‑pair‑share where students list everyday energy sources they use. Connect this to prior knowledge about hydrocarbons and the need for energy. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to name and describe the three major fossil fuels and their main uses. Success will be shown through a short exit‑ticket activity.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Students write down energy sources they use at home; teacher collects responses (activates prior knowledge).
  2. Mini‑lecture with slides (10'): Define fossil fuels, show formation diagram, and outline why they are important.
  3. Guided exploration (15'): Present coal, natural gas, and petroleum; students fill a comparison chart on composition and uses.
  4. Group activity (10'): Teams create a poster summarising one fuel’s key characteristics.
  5. Whole‑class discussion (5'): Compare and contrast the three fuels using the chart.
  6. Quick quiz / exit ticket (5'): Students name the three fuels and list one typical use for each.
Conclusion:
Recap the main points: each fossil fuel’s origin, composition, physical state, and primary uses. Collect the exit tickets to check understanding, and address any misconceptions. Assign a short homework: research one modern alternative energy source and write two sentences on how it differs from fossil fuels.