| Lesson Plan |
| Grade: |
Date: 25/02/2026 |
| Subject: Biology |
| Lesson Topic: explain the principles of homeostasis in terms of internal and external stimuli, receptors, coordination systems (nervous system and endocrine system), effectors (muscles and glands) and negative feedback |
Learning Objective/s:
- Describe the five components of a homeostatic control loop (stimulus, receptor, control centre, effector, feedback).
- Explain how internal and external stimuli are detected by receptors and processed by the nervous and endocrine systems.
- Compare the speed and duration of responses mediated by the nervous system versus the endocrine system.
- Analyse the regulation of body temperature as a concrete example of negative feedback.
- Apply knowledge to predict the effect of a disruption in any component of the loop on overall homeostasis.
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Materials Needed:
- Projector and screen for slide presentations.
- Whiteboard and markers.
- Handout summarising homeostatic components and feedback loops.
- Worksheet with case‑study scenarios (e.g., temperature regulation).
- Printed diagram of a negative‑feedback loop for labeling activity.
- Clickers or online quiz platform for quick checks.
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Introduction:
Begin with a quick poll: “What happens to your body when you step outside on a cold morning?” Connect students’ responses to prior knowledge of internal vs. external stimuli. State that by the end of the lesson they will be able to trace any homeostatic response from stimulus to restored set point and evaluate its effectiveness.
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Lesson Structure:
- Do‑now (5') – Students list everyday examples of internal and external stimuli on a sticky note.
- Mini‑lecture with slides (10') – Overview of homeostatic components and the concept of negative feedback.
- Interactive diagram activity (10') – In pairs, students label a printed feedback‑loop diagram and discuss each step.
- Case‑study analysis (15') – Small groups work through the temperature‑regulation example, mapping stimulus → receptor → control centre → effector.
- Comparison discussion (5') – Think‑pair‑share on nervous vs. endocrine response speed and duration.
- Formative quiz (5') – Clicker questions to check understanding of key terms.
- Summary & exit ticket (5') – Each student writes one example of a disrupted homeostatic component and predicts the outcome.
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Conclusion:
Recap the five‑step feedback loop and highlight how both nervous and endocrine systems cooperate to maintain stability. Collect exit tickets as a quick retrieval check and assign a short homework: create a flow diagram for another homeostatic process (e.g., blood glucose regulation) using the template provided.
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