Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: 10 Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Economics
Lesson Topic: Definitions of inflation and deflation
Learning Objective/s:
  • Define inflation and deflation in economic terms.
  • Explain how the Consumer Price Index is used to calculate inflation and deflation rates.
  • Calculate inflation or deflation percentages from given CPI data.
  • Distinguish between short‑term price changes and sustained trends.
  • Apply the definitions to interpret real‑world CPI tables.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • Slide deck with definitions and CPI table
  • Printed worksheet with CPI data for calculations
  • Calculator or spreadsheet software
  • Whiteboard markers
  • Example line‑graph of CPI trends
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick poll: “What do you notice when prices in the shop go up or down?” Connect this to students’ recent experiences of grocery price changes. Explain that today’s success criteria are to accurately define inflation and deflation and to use the CPI formula to compute rate changes.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5’) – students complete a short exit‑ticket from the previous lesson on price changes.
  2. Direct instruction (10’) – present definitions of inflation and deflation and introduce the CPI formula using slides.
  3. Guided practice (12’) – work through the provided CPI table, calculate the 2023 inflation rate and 2024 deflation rate together.
  4. Independent activity (10’) – students complete worksheet problems, calculating rates for new CPI data; teacher circulates for support.
  5. Check for understanding (8’) – quick quiz via Kahoot or show‑of‑hands to confirm mastery of definitions and calculations.
Conclusion:
Review the key definitions and the steps of the CPI calculation, highlighting how a negative result signals deflation. Ask students to write one real‑world example of inflation or deflation on an exit ticket. Assign homework to find a recent news article reporting inflation and summarise the rate using the CPI formula.