Lesson Plan

• Describe the key characteristics and performance metrics of 3G, 4G, and 5G mobile communication systems.
• Compare data rates, latency, and core‑network architectures across the three generations.
• Explain the main enabling technologies (e.g., OFDMA, MIMO, beamforming) that differentiate 4G and 5G.
• Apply the Shannon‑Hartley theorem to illustrate why wider bandwidths increase capacity in 5G.
• Evaluate emerging trends such as 6G concepts and satellite integration.

• Projector and screen
• PowerPoint slides with diagrams and tables
• Printed handout of the 3G/4G/5G comparison table
• Short video clip on the evolution of mobile generations
• Interactive quiz platform (e.g., Kahoot or clickers)
• Frequency‑band chart for classroom reference

Start with a quick poll: “Who still remembers using a 2G phone and what it could do?” Use the responses to activate prior knowledge of earlier generations. Explain that today’s lesson will uncover how mobile networks have evolved to 5G and why those changes matter. Success will be measured by students’ ability to compare the three generations and explain the technologies that enable them.

1. Do‑Now (5 min): Students list smartphone services they use and guess which generation introduced each.
2. Mini‑lecture (10 min): Overview of 3G, 4G, and 5G characteristics using slides and the evolution diagram.
3. Group comparison activity (12 min): Teams complete a comparison chart (speed, latency, core network, modulation) and present key differences.
4. Concept application (8 min): Demonstrate the Shannon‑Hartley equation with a simple 5G bandwidth calculation.
5. Future trends discussion (8 min): Brief introduction to 6G and satellite‑integrated 5G; students brainstorm potential impacts.
6. Formative check (5 min): Kahoot quiz (2‑3 questions) to assess understanding before closing.

Recap the main distinctions between 3G, 4G, and 5G and highlight how wider bandwidth and new technologies boost capacity. Students complete an exit ticket stating one real‑world benefit of 5G and one question they still have. For homework, assign a short research task: find a current 5G use‑case (e.g., autonomous vehicles, remote surgery) and prepare a one‑minute summary for the next class.