Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Business Studies
Lesson Topic: classify and calculate costs using examples, e.g. fixed, variable, average and total
Learning Objective/s:
  • Define fixed, variable, semi‑variable, total and average costs.
  • Classify given cost items into the correct cost category.
  • Calculate total and average costs from provided data.
  • Apply cost classification to real‑world business examples.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • Printed worksheet with cost tables and practice questions
  • Calculator for each student
  • Sample business cost data (e.g., T‑shirt company, bakery)
  • Cost‑classification handout
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick poll: “What expenses do you think stay the same each month regardless of sales?” Review prior knowledge of basic cost terms, then outline today’s success criteria: students will correctly label costs, compute total and average costs, and explain how these figures influence pricing decisions.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5’) – students list three business expenses they know; share answers.
  2. Direct instruction (10’) – present definitions and classification table using projector.
  3. Guided practice (15’) – work through the T‑shirt example together, filling a cost table on the board.
  4. Independent practice (15’) – students complete worksheet questions on cost classification and calculations, teacher circulates for feedback.
  5. Check for understanding (5’) – quick exit ticket: write one example of each cost type and its impact on pricing.
Conclusion:
Summarise the key differences between fixed, variable and semi‑variable costs and how they combine to form total and average costs. Ask students to submit an exit ticket with one real‑world cost example for each category. For homework, students will gather cost data from a small business and prepare a brief report classifying the costs and calculating total and average costs for a chosen output level.