Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Physics
Lesson Topic: Define and use the terms normal, angle of incidence and angle of reflection
Learning Objective/s:
  • Define the terms normal, angle of incidence and angle of reflection.
  • Explain the law of reflection and why the two angles are equal.
  • Measure and construct the normal and the angles using a protractor.
  • Apply the concept to solve basic reflection problems.
Materials Needed:
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Protractors (one per student or pair)
  • Plane mirror
  • Laser pointer or ray box
  • Printed worksheet with diagram
  • Projector for demonstration
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick laser‑pointer demonstration on a mirror to capture curiosity. Recall that light travels in straight lines and can bounce off surfaces. Explain that today they will learn the specific vocabulary needed to describe this bounce and how they will be assessed.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5’) – Students label a provided diagram with normal, i and r.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10’) – Define terms and derive i = r using the projector.
  3. Guided practice (15’) – In pairs, set up mirror & protractor, measure i and r for several incident angles.
  4. Check for understanding (5’) – Quick quiz via show of hands or clicker.
  5. Application activity (10’) – Solve worksheet problems calculating reflected angles.
  6. Summary & reflection (5’) – Review key points and answer questions.
Conclusion:
Recap that the normal is the perpendicular line and that the angles of incidence and reflection are equal. Ask each student to write one real‑world example of reflection as an exit ticket. Assign homework to complete a set of reflection problems from the textbook.