| Lesson Plan |
| Grade: |
Date: 25/02/2026 |
| Subject: Biology |
| Lesson Topic: explain the roles of restriction endonucleases, DNA ligase, plasmids, DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase in the transfer of a gene into an organism |
Learning Objective/s:
- Describe the function of restriction endonucleases, DNA ligase, plasmids, DNA polymerase, and reverse transcriptase in gene transfer.
- Explain how each tool is applied within the recombinant DNA workflow.
- Apply the step‑by‑step process to design a cloning experiment for a target gene.
- Evaluate methods for confirming successful gene insertion.
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Materials Needed:
- Projector and screen
- PowerPoint slides summarising each molecular tool
- Printed handout of the gene‑transfer flowchart
- DNA model kits or virtual simulation software
- Worksheets with scenario‑based cloning problems
- Computer lab access for online research
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Introduction:
Begin with a short video showing a genetically engineered crop to spark interest. Review prior knowledge of DNA structure and basic cloning concepts, then state that today students will uncover how specific enzymes and vectors enable gene transfer. Success will be measured by their ability to outline the full recombinant DNA process and justify tool choices.
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Lesson Structure:
- Do‑now (5') – quick quiz on DNA basics and terminology.
- Mini‑lecture (10') – concise overview of restriction enzymes, ligase, plasmids, polymerase, and reverse transcriptase with diagrams.
- Interactive simulation (15') – students use a virtual lab to cut a plasmid, insert a gene fragment, and ligate the construct.
- Group activity (10') – design a cloning plan on a worksheet, selecting appropriate enzymes and markers.
- Check for understanding (5') – teacher asks probing questions; groups submit their plan for immediate feedback.
- Summary & reflection (5') – class recap of key steps and an exit‑ticket question on which tool is critical for each stage.
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Conclusion:
Recap the sequential role of each molecular tool in creating a recombinant plasmid and transferring a gene into a host. Students complete an exit ticket describing the most challenging step and how they would troubleshoot it. For homework, write a brief report outlining a cloning strategy for a gene of their choice, including enzyme selections and verification methods.
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