Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Economics
Lesson Topic: Roles of buyers and sellers
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe how buyers influence market demand and resource allocation.
  • Explain how sellers respond to price signals and determine supply.
  • Analyse the interaction of buyers and sellers that leads to market equilibrium.
  • Apply the supply‑and‑demand diagram to predict effects of shifts in demand or supply.
  • Evaluate the role of price signals in allocating resources efficiently.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • Slides with supply‑and‑demand diagram
  • Printed worksheet with equilibrium calculations
  • Markers and chart paper for group diagram drawing
  • Calculator for solving equilibrium price formula
  • Exit‑ticket slips
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick poll: “If the price of your favourite snack doubled, would you still buy it?” This activates prior knowledge of demand. Explain that today’s lesson will uncover how such buyer choices and seller responses set prices and allocate resources. Success will be demonstrated by correctly constructing and interpreting a supply‑and‑demand diagram.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Students answer the poll on sticky notes and share reasons – checks understanding of demand.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Explain market mechanism, price signals, and roles of buyers and sellers using slides.
  3. Guided practice (12'): Work through an equilibrium calculation example on the board; students solve in pairs.
  4. Diagram activity (15'): Groups draw a supply‑and‑demand graph, plot shifts, and annotate buyer/seller influences.
  5. Whole‑class discussion (8'): Groups present findings; teacher highlights key interactions and corrects misconceptions.
  6. Check for understanding (5'): Quick quiz (Kahoot/handout) on roles and equilibrium concepts.
Conclusion:
Summarise that buyers create demand while sellers supply, and their interaction determines the market‑clearing price and quantity. For the exit ticket, ask students to write one way a change in consumer income shifts the equilibrium. Homework: complete the worksheet applying the equilibrium formula to a new scenario.