| Lesson Plan |
| Grade: |
Date: 25/02/2026 |
| Subject: Chemistry |
| Lesson Topic: State that a structural formula is an unambiguous description of the way the atoms in a molecule are arranged, including $mathrm{CH}_2=mathrm{CH}_2$, $mathrm{CH}_3 mathrm{CH}_2 mathrm{OH}, mathrm{CH}_3 mathrm{COOCH}_3$ |
Learning Objective/s:
- Describe what a structural formula represents and how it differs from a molecular formula.
- Identify single, double and triple bonds and the functional groups shown in given structural formulas.
- Interpret structural formulas to predict physical properties and likely reaction types.
- Construct correct structural formulas for simple organic compounds.
- Distinguish isomers by comparing their structural formulas.
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Materials Needed:
- Projector and screen
- Whiteboard and markers
- Printed worksheets with practice questions
- Molecular model kits (ball‑and‑stick)
- Handout of example structural formulas
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Introduction:
Begin with a quick “mystery molecule” image to spark curiosity about how atoms are arranged. Review students’ prior knowledge of molecular formulas and ask them to predict what information might be missing. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to write and read structural formulas and use them to identify functional groups.
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Lesson Structure:
- Do‑now (5') – Students sketch the structural formula for ethene on mini‑whiteboards; teacher checks for correct double bond representation.
- Mini‑lecture (10') – Define structural formula, show examples (ethene, ethanol, methyl acetate) via projector, emphasise bond types and functional groups.
- Guided practice (12') – Whole‑class analysis of the three examples; students annotate a handout, labeling bonds and functional groups.
- Hands‑on activity (10') – Using molecular model kits, students build the three molecules and verbally describe the structure.
- Independent practice (8') – Worksheet with three new compounds; students write structural formulas and name the functional group.
- Check for understanding (5') – Exit ticket: each student writes one structural formula and its functional group on a sticky note.
- Summary (5') – Teacher recaps key points and answers any lingering questions.
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Conclusion:
Review the main ideas: structural formulas show every atom and bond, allowing us to identify functional groups and predict behaviour. Collect exit tickets as a quick retrieval check. For homework, assign a worksheet requiring students to draw structural formulas for five additional organic compounds and label their functional groups.
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