Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Physics
Lesson Topic: Use the terms primary, secondary, step‑up and step‑down
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the roles of the primary and secondary windings in a transformer.
  • Explain how turn ratios determine whether a transformer is step‑up or step‑down.
  • Apply the voltage and current formulas to calculate output values for ideal transformers.
  • Identify common misconceptions about transformer operation.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Printed worksheet with diagram, formulas and example problem
  • Scientific calculators
  • Small transformer model (optional demonstration)
 Introduction:
Show a photo of a high‑voltage power line and a phone charger to spark curiosity about voltage changes. Review that students already know AC and basic circuit concepts. State that by the end of the lesson they will correctly label primary/secondary windings and classify step‑up versus step‑down transformers.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Quick recall quiz on primary vs. secondary definitions.
  2. Mini‑lecture with diagram (10'): Explain magnetic core, turn ratio and the step‑up/step‑down distinction.
  3. Guided practice (15'): Students work in pairs on the provided example problem, calculating voltage and current.
  4. Concept check (5'): Whole‑class MCQ to confirm understanding of step‑up vs. step‑down.
  5. Misconception discussion (5'): Address frequency, turn count, and power conservation errors.
  6. Summary & exit ticket (5'): Recap key points; students write one sentence defining a step‑up transformer.
Conclusion:
Briefly recap the relationship between turns, voltage, and current, and reinforce the correct use of the four key terms. Collect exit tickets and assign a worksheet with two additional transformer problems for homework.