Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 18/01/2026
Subject: Biology
Lesson Topic: outline the characteristic features of the kingdoms Protoctista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the key cellular and structural characteristics of the kingdoms Protoctista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.
  • Compare the nutrition modes, habitats and reproductive strategies across the four kingdoms.
  • Explain how these characteristics are used to classify organisms into the appropriate kingdom.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • PowerPoint slides with kingdom comparison tables and diagrams
  • Handout summarising kingdom features
  • Specimen images (e.g., algae, mushroom, leaf, insect)
  • Exit‑ticket cards
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick poll: Which kingdom does a mushroom belong to? Review prior knowledge of cell types and nutrition. Today we will identify the distinguishing features of the four kingdoms and apply them to classify examples, aiming to produce a concise comparison chart.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Students list any organisms they know and guess their kingdom.
  2. Mini‑lecture (15'): Present key characteristics of each kingdom using slides and images.
  3. Guided practice (10'): In pairs, fill a comparison table on the handout.
  4. Think‑pair‑share (5'): Discuss differences in nutrition and reproduction.
  5. Whole‑class synthesis (10'): Teacher consolidates findings, highlights misconceptions.
  6. Formative check (5'): Quick quiz via Kahoot or printed questions.
Conclusion:
Summarise the main distinguishing traits of each kingdom and revisit the success criteria. Students complete an exit ticket naming one unique feature for each kingdom. Assign homework to research an organism not covered and classify it using the learned criteria.