Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Accounting
Lesson Topic: understand and make adjustments for work in progress
Learning Objective/s:
  • Explain the purpose of a manufacturing account and its link to the profit‑and‑loss statement.
  • Identify and differentiate opening and closing work‑in‑progress.
  • Calculate total manufacturing costs and apply the WIP adjustment equation.
  • Prepare a manufacturing account that includes adjustments for opening and closing WIP.
  • Analyse how these adjustments affect the cost of goods manufactured and cost of goods sold.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • Printed worksheet with sample data (ABC Ltd. example)
  • Calculator or spreadsheet software
  • Accounting textbook or handout on manufacturing accounts
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Trial‑balance extracts for opening balances
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick recall question: “Where do the costs of raw materials appear in the profit‑and‑loss statement?” Connect this to the need for a manufacturing account. Explain that today students will learn to adjust work‑in‑progress so the cost of goods sold is accurate, and they will demonstrate the steps by completing a worked example.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5’) – short quiz on components of a manufacturing account.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10’) – purpose of the manufacturing account and key terms (opening/closing WIP, COGM, COGS).
  3. Guided demonstration (15’) – walk through the fundamental equation and fill in the sample table on screen.
  4. Pair activity (15’) – students calculate COGM and adjust for opening/closing WIP using a new set of figures.
  5. Check for understanding (5’) – pairs present their COGM and explain the impact on COGS; teacher gives feedback.
  6. Summary recap (5’) – highlight common mistakes and review the adjustment checklist.
Conclusion:
Review the five‑step process for adjusting work‑in‑progress and ask students to summarise its effect on COGS. Collect an exit ticket where each learner writes the adjustment equation and one common error to avoid. For homework, assign a practice problem requiring the preparation of a full manufacturing account with WIP adjustments.