Lesson Plan

• Identify the main types of trade restrictions and distinguish tariffs from other methods.
• Explain why governments impose tariffs and describe specific, ad valorem, and compound tariffs.
• Calculate the price, revenue and welfare effects of an ad valorem tariff.
• Analyse how tariffs affect consumer surplus, producer surplus and dead‑weight loss.

• Projector and screen
• Printed handout with tariff types and sample calculations
• Worksheet for tariff calculations
• Whiteboard and markers
• Calculators (or phone calculator)
• Graph paper for supply‑demand diagram analysis

Begin with a headline about a recent trade war to capture interest. Ask students what they already know about trade barriers and how they affect prices. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to identify tariff types, compute their impact and evaluate their economic consequences.

1. Do‑now (5') – short quiz on different trade restrictions.
2. Mini‑lecture (10') – overview of trade restrictions, focus on tariffs and why governments use them.
3. Interactive classification (12') – students sort examples into specific, ad valorem, or compound tariffs.
4. Calculation practice (15') – work through the 25 % ad valorem example, compute domestic price and government revenue.
5. Diagram analysis (10') – interpret a supply‑demand diagram to identify changes in CS, PS, GR and DWL.
6. Think‑pair‑share (8') – discuss advantages and disadvantages of tariffs.
7. Whole‑class recap (5') – teacher summarises key points and checks understanding.

Summarise how tariffs protect domestic producers but create higher consumer prices and dead‑weight loss. Ask each student to write one advantage and one disadvantage on a sticky note as an exit ticket. For homework, students research a recent real‑world tariff (e.g., steel tariffs) and prepare a brief report on its economic impact.