Lesson Plan

• Describe the specific functions of cartilage, smooth muscle, elastic fibres, and simple squamous epithelium in the respiratory system.
• Explain how each tissue contributes to maintaining airway patency, regulating airflow, and facilitating gas diffusion.
• Compare the structural adaptations of these tissues and relate them to their roles in efficient gas exchange.

• Projector and screen
• PowerPoint presentation with labelled diagrams of the airway
• Printed handout of the summary table
• Worksheet with short‑answer and matching questions
• Model of a bronchus (optional)
• Whiteboard and markers

Begin with a quick video clip showing a breath‑holding challenge to spark curiosity about how our lungs stay open. Ask students what structures prevent the airways from collapsing and how they think airflow is controlled. Clarify that today they will investigate four key tissues and how each supports gas exchange. Success will be measured by their ability to describe and compare these functions.

1. Do‑now (5') – quick recall quiz on parts of the respiratory system.
2. Mini‑lecture (10') – overview of the gas‑exchange system and introduction of the four tissues with slides.
3. Interactive diagram activity (12') – students label a cross‑section diagram in pairs, discussing each tissue’s role.
4. Guided inquiry (10') – complete a table linking each tissue to its specific function.
5. Check for understanding (5') – think‑pair‑share on how a malfunction in each tissue would affect breathing.
6. Consolidation (8') – whole‑class summary and creation of a mind map on the board.

Summarise how cartilage, smooth muscle, elastic fibres, and squamous epithelium work together to keep airways open, regulate airflow, and enable rapid gas diffusion. Ask students to write one key takeaway on an exit ticket. For homework, students will research a respiratory disease involving one of these tissues and prepare a short paragraph describing the impact.