Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 01/12/2025
Subject: Physics
Lesson Topic: Represent α‑ and β‑decay with nuclear equations
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the changes in mass and atomic numbers for α‑ and β‑decay.
  • Write nuclear decay equations for α‑ and β‑decay using the notation $_{Z}^{A}X \rightarrow _{Z'}^{A'}Y + \text{particle}$.
  • Compare the energy released and emitted particles in α‑ and β‑decay.
  • Apply the decay equations to solve typical A‑Level practice problems.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • Slides showing decay equations and comparison table
  • Worksheet with practice decay problems
  • Printed diagram of a nucleus before/after decay
  • Calculator (optional)
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick visual of a uranium nucleus emitting particles to capture interest. Recall that students already know about atomic structure and isotopes, which they will use to interpret decay equations. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to construct correct α‑ and β‑decay equations and justify the changes in A and Z.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5') – students answer a short question identifying particles from symbols.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10') – review α‑decay and β‑decay characteristics and display the standard equations.
  3. Guided practice (12') – work through two example decay equations together, highlighting changes in A and Z.
  4. Independent practice (15') – students complete worksheet problems while the teacher circulates for feedback.
  5. Quick check (5') – use clickers or a show of hands to answer conceptual questions and summarise key differences.
Conclusion:
Summarise that α‑decay reduces A by 4 and Z by 2, while β‑decay leaves A unchanged and increases Z by 1. Ask students to write one decay equation on an exit ticket to demonstrate mastery. Assign a homework task to write decay equations for three given isotopes.