Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Computer Science
Lesson Topic: Describe the role of a router in a network
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the function of a router and how it forwards packets.
  • Explain how routing tables and algorithms determine packet paths.
  • Identify key router features such as NAT, segmentation, and security.
  • Interpret a simple routing table and predict packet flow.
  • Compare distance‑vector and link‑state routing concepts.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • Computer with network simulation software (e.g., Cisco Packet Tracer)
  • Printed routing table handout
  • Diagram of a simple network with two LANs and a WAN
  • Worksheets for routing algorithm comparison
  • Markers and sticky notes for group activity
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick video clip showing data traveling across the internet, then ask students how devices in different buildings can talk to each other. Recall that they have already explored switches and LANs, so today they will extend that knowledge to inter‑network communication. By the end of the lesson they will be able to describe a router’s role and interpret a basic routing table.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Students answer a short question on how two separate LANs could connect; collect responses.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Define router, OSI layer 3, and key functions with a diagram projection.
  3. Guided walkthrough (12'): Demonstrate packet flow using a simulated router; show routing table lookup step‑by‑step.
  4. Hands‑on activity (15'): In pairs, students use Packet Tracer to configure a router between two LANs and verify traffic.
  5. Algorithm comparison (8'): Brief discussion of distance‑vector vs link‑state; fill a Venn diagram worksheet.
  6. Check for understanding (5'): Quick exit quiz (Kahoot) on router functions and routing table interpretation.
Conclusion:
Summarise that routers connect separate networks, choose optimal paths using routing tables, and add security through NAT and segmentation. Ask a few students to explain what happens to a packet destined for the WAN in the example table. For homework, students will create their own routing table for a three‑network scenario and bring it to the next class.