Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 25/02/2026
Subject: Biology
Lesson Topic: explain that reactions in the Krebs cycle involve decarboxylation and dehydrogenation and the reduction of the coenzymes NAD and FAD
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the decarboxylation and dehydrogenation reactions that occur in the Krebs cycle.
  • Explain how NAD⁺ and FAD are reduced to NADH and FADH₂ during the cycle.
  • Illustrate the overall flow of carbon atoms and energy carriers through the eight steps.
  • Interpret a schematic diagram of the cycle to identify where CO₂ is released and where ATP/GTP is generated.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • PowerPoint slides with a Krebs cycle diagram
  • Handout summarising each step of the cycle
  • Molecular model kits (optional)
  • Worksheets for guided practice
  • Exit‑ticket cards
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick think‑pair‑share: “What happens to the carbon atoms from glucose after glycolysis?” Connect this to prior learning on pyruvate oxidation and set the success criteria: students will be able to trace the decarboxylation and dehydrogenation events and explain the reduction of NAD⁺ and FAD.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5’) – Students label a blank Krebs cycle diagram with CO₂ release points.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10’) – Overview of decarboxylation and dehydrogenation, showing equations and co‑enzyme reduction.
  3. Guided walkthrough (15’) – Step‑by‑step analysis of the eight reactions using slides; concept questions after steps 3, 4, 6, 8.
  4. Interactive activity (10’) – Small groups use model kits or a digital simulation to map carbon flow and electron transfer.
  5. Formative check (5’) – Quick quiz via Kahoot or exit ticket with three key questions.
  6. Consolidation (5’) – Whole‑class summary linking the cycle to oxidative phosphorylation.
Conclusion:
Recap the three core transformations—two decarboxylations, four dehydrogenations, and one substrate‑level phosphorylation—and how they supply NADH and FADH₂ for ATP production. Students complete an exit ticket describing one decarboxylation and one dehydrogenation step. Assign homework to create a one‑page infographic of the Krebs cycle.