Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 25/02/2026
Subject: Information Communication Technology ICT
Lesson Topic: Know and understand the operation and purpose of a router including connecting networks and devices to the internet, storing computer addresses in a router, routing data packets
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the function of a router and why it is essential for connecting a local network to the Internet.
  • Explain how a router assigns IP addresses using DHCP and performs NAT.
  • Identify the key tables (ARP, routing, NAT) stored in a router and their purposes.
  • Demonstrate the step‑by‑step process a router follows to forward a data packet.
  • Evaluate the role of firewall filtering and wireless access point features in a typical school network.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • Laptop with router simulation software (e.g., Cisco Packet Tracer)
  • Physical router or demo kit
  • Worksheets with routing diagram and checklist
  • Printed handouts of key terms and router tables
  • Internet connection for live demonstration
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick video showing data traveling through a home network, then ask students how their devices reach the web. Recall previous lessons on IP addresses and subnet masks, linking that knowledge to today’s focus. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to describe how a router connects networks, assigns addresses, and routes packets.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Students complete a short quiz on IP address basics.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Define router, its purpose, and key functions using the provided table.
  3. Demonstration (12'): Live setup of a router – connect WAN to modem, configure DHCP, and display the NAT table.
  4. Guided practice (15'): In pairs, students use Packet Tracer to assign IPs to devices and observe address allocation.
  5. Packet‑flow activity (10'): Walk through the routing algorithm with a printed diagram; students label each step.
  6. Check for understanding (8'): Quick quiz or exit ticket answering the revision checklist.
Conclusion:
Summarise how the router acts as the traffic manager between the local network and the Internet, highlighting DHCP and NAT roles. Ask each student to write one key step of the packet‑forwarding process on an exit ticket. Assign homework to create a labelled diagram of a home network and annotate the router’s tables.