Lesson Plan

• Describe how water potential differences drive water movement in plant cells.
• Explain the morphological changes (turgid, flaccid, plasmolysis) that occur in hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic solutions.
• Apply the concepts of turgor pressure to real‑world examples such as stomatal opening and plant growth.

• Projector and screen
• PowerPoint/Google Slides presentation
• Prepared diagram of a plant cell (handout)
• Potato or onion slices, beakers, distilled water, salt solutions (hypotonic, isotonic, hypertonic)
• Worksheet with data table and term‑matching activity
• Kahoot/Quizizz quiz access

Begin with a quick demonstration of a wilted leaf reviving in water to spark curiosity. Ask students what they already know about water movement in cells and set the success criteria: they will be able to name and explain the four key terms and link them to solution concentrations.

1. Do‑now (5'): Label a provided plant‑cell diagram with the cell wall, membrane, vacuole and indicate where water moves.
2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Review water potential, solution types (hypo‑, iso‑, hyper‑tonic) and introduce the four key terms.
3. Demonstration (15'): Students observe potato slices in the three solutions, record visual changes and note time taken.
4. Group activity (10'): Using the worksheet, groups match observed changes to the correct term (turgid, flaccid, plasmolysis, neutral) and justify their choices.
5. Guided practice (10'): Each student writes a concise explanation for each solution type, incorporating turgor pressure and water potential.
6. Exit quiz (5'): Kahoot/Quizizz rapid‑fire questions to check understanding of terminology and concepts.

Recap the relationship between solution concentration, water movement, and cell condition, emphasizing why turgor pressure is vital for plant function. Students complete an exit ticket stating one real‑life example of turgor pressure in action. For homework, assign a short worksheet where they predict cell responses to novel solution concentrations.