Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 25/02/2026
Subject: Physics
Lesson Topic: State the effects of ionising nuclear radiations on living things, including cell death, mutations and cancer
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe how ionising radiation damages living tissue.
  • Distinguish deterministic and stochastic biological effects.
  • Explain the relationship between DNA damage, mutations and cancer.
  • Apply the ALARA principle to devise safe laboratory practices.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen for slides
  • Printed worksheet with diagrams of radiation types and effects
  • Sample safety equipment (lead apron, dosimeter, signage)
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Computer with a radiation‑interaction simulation (optional)
 Introduction:
Begin with a striking image of a radiation warning sign and ask students what they think happens inside a cell exposed to radiation. Recall prior learning on atomic structure and energy transfer. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to identify the biological consequences of ionising radiation and outline key safety measures.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5') – Quick quiz on radiation types and charges.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10') – Explain ionising radiation, LET, and penetration power.
  3. Interactive activity (12') – Groups analyse case studies of cell death, mutation, and cancer; complete worksheet.
  4. Demonstration (8') – Show a simulation of DNA strand breaks and discuss deterministic vs stochastic effects.
  5. Safety planning (10') – Students design a lab‑safety poster applying time, distance, shielding, and ALARA.
  6. Check for understanding (5') – Exit ticket: one sentence describing how shielding reduces risk.
Conclusion:
Summarise that ionising radiation can cause immediate cell death, permanent mutations, and increased cancer risk, and that these effects drive our safety strategies. Ask students to write one key takeaway on a sticky note as an exit ticket. Assign homework to research a real‑world radiation incident and evaluate the safety measures that were implemented.