Lesson Plan

• Describe electric current as the rate of charge flow (I = ΔQ/Δt).
• Explain the difference between conventional current direction and electron flow in metals.
• Calculate current using the formula and relate it to charge‑carrier properties.
• Identify safe methods for measuring current with an ammeter.

• Projector or interactive whiteboard
• Circuit kit (battery, resistor, ammeter, wires)
• Worksheets with practice problems
• Calculator
• Safety goggles

Begin with a quick question: “What happens inside a flashlight when you switch it on?” Connect to prior knowledge of charge and voltage, then state that today students will explore how charge flow creates electric current. Success will be measured by their ability to state the current formula and explain conventional versus electron flow.

1. Do‑now (5'): Short quiz on charge, voltage, and units.
2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Define current, present I = ΔQ/Δt, discuss scalar nature and conventional direction.
3. Demonstration (8'): Build a simple series circuit with ammeter; show conventional current arrow and electron flow.
4. Guided practice (12'): Students calculate current from given charge and time, then use I = nAvdq for a sample conductor.
5. Concept check (5'): Think‑pair‑share on why ammeters are placed in series.
6. Exit ticket (5'): One‑sentence answer: “Why does electron flow opposite conventional current?”

Review the definition, formula, and direction conventions for electric current. Collect exit tickets and clarify any misconceptions. Assign homework: complete the worksheet on current calculations and prepare a short paragraph on safety considerations when measuring high currents.