| Lesson Plan |
| Grade: |
Date: 25/02/2026 |
| Subject: Physics |
| Lesson Topic: State the hazards of: (a) damaged insulation (b) overheating cables (c) damp conditions (d) excess current from overloading of plugs, extension leads, single and multiple sockets when using a mains supply |
Learning Objective/s:
- Describe the hazards associated with damaged insulation, overheating cables, damp conditions, and over‑loading of plugs and sockets.
- Explain how each hazard can lead to electric shock, fire, or equipment damage.
- Identify preventive measures and safe practices to minimise each hazard in laboratory and domestic settings.
- Apply inspection and risk‑assessment techniques to recognise unsafe electrical setups.
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Materials Needed:
- Projector or interactive whiteboard
- Printed worksheet with hazard scenarios
- Sample power cord and plug (for demonstration)
- RCD tester or circuit‑breaker demo kit
- Safety goggles and insulated gloves
- Whiteboard markers
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Introduction:
Begin with a short video clip showing a real‑world electrical fire caused by an overloaded extension lead. Ask students to recall what they already know about safe use of mains electricity and discuss common mistakes they have seen at home or in the lab. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to list the main hazards and suggest practical preventive actions.
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Lesson Structure:
- Do‑now (5') – Quick quiz on basic electricity‑safety terminology.
- Mini‑lecture (10') – Overview of the four hazard categories with annotated diagrams.
- Group investigation (15') – Teams examine sample cords and plugs, identify signs of damaged insulation or overheating, and record observations.
- Demonstration (10') – Safe demonstration of an overloaded socket using a circuit‑breaker model and discussion of RCD protection.
- Scenario analysis (10') – Worksheet activity where groups propose preventive measures for given situations (wet environment, overloaded lead, etc.).
- Whole‑class feedback (5') – Groups share answers; teacher clarifies misconceptions.
- Exit ticket (5') – Each student writes one key safety tip they will apply.
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Conclusion:
Summarise the four electrical hazards and the corresponding safety strategies discussed. Have students complete an exit ticket stating the most important precaution they will implement. Assign a short homework task: research the rating label on a household appliance and write a brief report on its safe load capacity.
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