Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 25/02/2026
Subject: Biology
Lesson Topic: Describe the functions of the regions of the alimentary canal listed above in relation to ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and egestion of food.
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the specific functions of each region of the alimentary canal in relation to ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and egestion.
  • Explain how mechanical and chemical processes cooperate in the mouth, stomach and small intestine.
  • Analyse the role of the large intestine in water reabsorption, fermentation and waste formation.
  • Compare the absorption specialisations of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum.
  • Apply knowledge of the alimentary canal to predict effects of common digestive disorders.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen for diagram presentation
  • Printed handout with summary table
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Interactive quiz platform (e.g., Kahoot)
  • Model of the human digestive system (optional)
 Introduction:
Begin with a short video clip showing food travelling through the digestive tract to spark curiosity. Ask students what they already know about where digestion starts and ends. Explain that today they will map each region’s role and will be assessed by a brief exit ticket.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5’) – Students label a blank diagram of the alimentary canal from memory.
  2. Mini‑lecture (15’) – Overview of each region’s functions using slides and the model.
  3. Guided practice (10’) – Small groups complete a worksheet matching functions to regions.
  4. Interactive quiz (10’) – Kahoot questions to check understanding of digestion processes.
  5. Consolidation activity (10’) – Class creates a flow‑chart on the board linking ingestion to egestion.
  6. Recap & Exit ticket (5’) – Students write one key fact they learned and one question they still have.
Conclusion:
Summarise how each region contributes to the overall journey of food from ingestion to egestion. Collect exit tickets to gauge understanding and assign a short homework: create a labelled diagram of the alimentary canal with brief function notes.